Journal: Poultry Science
Article Title: Molecular characterization of the effects of essential oils on mRNA gene expression related to proinflammatory and antiviral pathways, virus load, and antibody production in chickens vaccinated against Newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, and infectious bronchitis virus
doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.106178
Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibody titers against NDV, IBDV, and IBV in chickens from the four experimental groups. (A) EXP1 (non-vaccinated birds), (B) EXP2–4, birds vaccinated with NDV, IBDV, or IBV, respectively. Samples were collected at 21 (7 dpv) and 28 days of age (14 dpv). NDV antibodies were measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and expressed as log₂ HI titers. IBDV and IBV antibodies were quantified by ELISA and expressed as sample-to-positive (S/P) ratios. Bars connected by * or ** indicate significant differences ( p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively) among treatments within each virus, based on one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) followed by Tukey’s HSD multiple comparison test. NDV, Newcastle disease virus; IBDV, infectious bursal disease virus; IBV, infectious bronchitis virus; EO, essential oil.
Article Snippet: The experimental design was as follows: EXP1, unvaccinated control; EXP2, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine (Nobilis ND LaSota Clone 30, 6.0 log10 EID50 dose); EXP3, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccine (Hipragumboro, Winterfield CH/80 clone, 3.5 log10 TCID50 dose); and EXP4, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine (Hipraviar Massachusetts H120, 6.5 log10 EID50 dose).
Techniques: HI Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Virus, Comparison